Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome
When Hans Selye was experimenting on rats by inflicting stress them either by injecting them with hormones or chemicals, making surgical incisions or exposing them to extreme temperatures, he noticed that the rats were all displaying the same group of symptoms. At first he believed that he had discovered a new hormone1; however, several years of further testing by injecting the rats with other substances, such as formaldehyde, revealed the same results. Even exposure to cold, cutting their spinal cords and forced exercise produced the same effects. The effects occurred in a predictable sequence that is now known as the General Adaptation Syndrome2 (GAS).
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Why Fitness, Diet, Bodybuilding, and Strength Training Programs Work
I've never seen a strength training or bodybuilding program developed for a mass audience that didn't "work". No matter how ridiculous the program is and how unfounded it's principles all such programs tend to be seen as largely successful.
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What is Fitness-Fatigue?
"Single Factor" Model: Supercompensation
The so-called single factor model of adaptation is a post-facto way of describing supercompensation. The idea is that the only factor the supercompensation model considers is "fitness" or preparedness. According to this model if a stress (training stimulus) is great enough, fitness decreases for a time and then 'supercompensates' to return to baseline and then beyond. Bannister's Fitness-Fatigue model considers fitness and fatigue as two separate factors, thus we have the two-factor or "dual factor" model of adaptation.
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Fitness-Fatigue Model for Real
According to the fitness fatigue model, at any time preparedness is the difference between the positive effects of fitness and the negative affects of fatigue. But since fatigue although very great doesn’t stick around very long we can take advantage of the fitness gained without over-training. Intuitively it has to be this way or you’d never have any apparent progress. What it really means is that it allows us to take advantage of the fact that while the fatigue impulse may be twice as high as the fitness impulse the fatigue decays three times as fast. The fitness gained is still a result of the training impulse. This is a simplified explanation of the fitness fatigue model.
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